Most Asked Environmental science Multiple Choice Questions

Most Asked Environmental science Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following is the main reason for producing the atmospheric greenhouse effect?

Absorption and re-emission of ultraviolet radiations by the atmosphere

Absorption and re-emission of infrared radiations by the atmosphere

Absorption and re-emission of visible light by the atmosphere

None of the above 

Answer: (b) Absorption and re-emission of infrared radiations by the atmosphere

Explanation: The greenhouse effect can be defined as the process by which radiation from the planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface to the temperature above what it would be without this atmosphere.

2) The salinization can be defined as -

Accumulation of salts in the body

Accumulation of salts in water

Accumulation of salts in animals

Accumulation of salts in the soil 

Answer: (d) Accumulation of salts in the soil

Explanation: Salinization is the process of increasing the salt content in the soil. Salts enter the soil via irrigation. Depletion of vegetation occurs due to the increased salinization of the soil.

3) The main reason for blueness of the sky is -

Due to the presence of water vapor

Due to the absorption of blue light due to the air

Due to the scattering of sunlight by air molecules

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Due to the scattering of sunlight by air molecules

Explanation: A clear and cloudless sky is blue because the air molecules scatter blue light more than the red light from the sun. At the time of sunset, we see orange and red colors because of the scattering out of blue light.

4) Which of the following is the cause of soil pollution?

Ozone

Aerosol

Acid rain

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Acid rain

Explanation: When rain droplets absorb the sulphur and nitrogen oxides present in the air pollution, it will be acid rain. Acid rain weakens the trees. Acid rain makes the water more acidic which results in more absorption of aluminum in the soil, which is carried into streams and lakes.

5) What is the water vapor?

It is the gaseous phase of water

It is a rain droplet

Water vapor is the cloud droplet

None of the above 

Answer: (a) It is the gaseous phase of water

Explanation: Water vapor can be defined as the gaseous phase of water which is produced due to the evaporation or boiling of liquid water. It can be produced due to the ice sublimation. It is transparent in nature.

6) Which of the following is the cause of Melanornia (skin cancer)?

Acid rain

Allergens

Ozone depletion

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Ozone depletion

Explanation: Skin cancer can be defined as the abnormal growth of skin cells. Ozone depletion means the thinning of the ozone layer present in the upper atmosphere. It is very harmful to nature and the atmosphere. It might result in various health issues such as skin cancer, etc.

7) The yellowness of the Taj Mahal is an effect of -

Acid rain

Allergens

Ozone depletion

None of the above 

Answer: (a) Acid rain

Explanation: None

8) The part of the plant that evaporates water is -

Fruit

Stomata

Root

None of the above 

Answer: (b) Stomata

Explanation: Stomata are a pore that is found in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs of the plants. It controls the rate of gas exchange.

9) At what time of the day relative humidity in the environment is at minimum?

When the air temperature is lowest

Before sunrise

Midnight

When the air temperature is higher 

Answer: (d) when the air temperature is higher

Explanation: None

10) What is hibernation?

Winter sleep

Summer sleep

Adaptation of animals to escape from predators

All of the above 

Answer: (a) Winter sleep

Explanation: Hibernation is said to be the winter sleep. In this sleep, an organism tends to pass the time in dormant conditions. Animals look for a warm place to sleep.

11) What is Aestivation?

Winter sleep

Summer sleep

Adaptation of animals to escape from predators

All of the above 

Answer: (b) Summer sleep

Explanation: Aestivation is said to be the summer sleep. In aestivation animals usually look for a cool and shady place to sleep.

12) Which of the following gas is present in the air in maximum amount?

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Methane 

Answer: (a) Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is present in the maximum amount of air. Approximately the nitrogen takes 78.09% in air. Whereas oxygen occupies about 20.95% amount in the air.

13) The solar cell converts which energy into electrical energy?

Chemical energy

Solar energy

Magnetic energy

None of the above 

Answer: (b) Solar energy

Explanation: Solar power energy harnessed directly from the Sun, where photovoltaic cells convert the Sun's rays directly into electrical energy. In some cases, the heat produced by sunshine is harnessed to produce electricity, known as solar-thermal power.

14) Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Coal

Uranium

Wind

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Wind

Explanation: Renewable energy sources are also the same as alternative energy sources. Renewable energy is energy that is generated from natural processes that are continuously replenished. It includes sunlight, geothermal heat, wind, tides, water, and various forms of biomass.

15) The process of changing the solid into a liquid by supplying the heat is called as -

Melting

Evaporation

Boiling

Condensation 

Answer: (a) Melting

Explanation: Melting is the process of changing the solid into a liquid when the heat is supplied to it. Melting occurs when the internal energy of solid increases by supplying heat or pressure.

16) Which of the following is said to be a biodegradable waste?

Plastics

Glasses

Eggshell

Polythene 

Answer: (c) Eggshell

Explanation: Eggshells are biodegradable and can decompose very quickly. An eggshell has a calcium carbonate of about 95%.

17) Sugar is a form of -

Carbohydrate

Fat

Protein

Water 

Answer: (a) Carbohydrate

Explanation: Sugar is a term that generally refers to sweet-flavored substances. Carbohydrates are an important source of fuel for our body. Sugar is a generic name for soluble carbohydrates.

18) The uses of CFCs are -

Insulators

Aerosol propellants

Refrigerants

All of the above 

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFSs) are used to manufacture the blowing agents for foams and packing materials as refrigerants and as solvents. They are also used to manufacture aerosol sprays.

19) Which of the following has a maximum speed?

Light

Air

Sound

Water current 

Answer: (a) Light

Explanation: The speed of light is the speed at which the light waves propagate through different materials. The speed of light in meter per second is 299 792 458 m / s.

20) The pollutants that decomposable and manageable in nature are termed as -

Renewable pollutants

Non-biodegradable pollutants

Biodegradable pollutants

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Biodegradable pollutants

Explanation: A Biodegradable substance can be defined as a material that can be easily decomposed by microorganisms or decomposers. They can be easily decomposed and manageable, so they do not add any type of pollution.

21) The ozone layer is present in -

Mesosphere

Thermosphere

Stratosphere

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Stratosphere

Explanation: The stratosphere is the second major layer of the earth's atmosphere. It is present below the mesosphere and just above the troposphere. The ozone layer is a region of the stratosphere that absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

22) The mosquito repellent that is used in the homes in the form of a coil, liquids, etc. are -

Sedatives

Pesticide

Insecticide

Fertilizers 

Answer: (c) Insecticide

Explanation: Substances that are used to kill insects are insecticides. Insecticides include larvicides and ovicides that are used against eggs and larvae of insects.

23) Paper is made up of -

Polythene and cotton

Starch and cellulose

Grass and Bamboo

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Grass and Bamboo

Explanation: Paper is a thin and flat material that is made up of crushed wood or cloth. It is generally used for writing, printing, drawing, etc.

24) Which of the following is the hottest planet of the solar system?

Venus

Mercury

Jupiter

Uranus 

Answer: (a) Venus

Explanation: Venus is the second planet from the sun and the hottest planet in the solar system. Although Mercury is the first planet closer to the sun, it is the second hottest planet of the solar system. The mean temperature of Venus is 464 degrees Celsius, whereas the mean temperature of mercury is 167 degrees Celsius.

25) Which of the following gas destroys the chlorophyll present in the plant leaves?

SO3

H2S

SO2

CO2 

Answer: (c) SO2

Explanation: Sulpur dioxide (SO2) is the pollutant that causes the bleaching of plants. The chlorophyll pigment which is present in the plant leaves is destroyed due to the presence of a high amount of sulfuric acid.

26) CPCB stands for -

Control pollution control board

Central pollution central board

Control pollution central board

Central pollution control board 

Answer: (d) Central pollution control board

Explanation: The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established in 1974. It provides technical services to the ministry of environment and forests. It promotes the cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the states to prevent and control water pollution.

27) Which of the following are the negative health effects of noise pollution?

Hypertension

Hearing loss

Stress and headache

All of the above 

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation: Noise pollution is defined as an excessive amount of noise that affects the environment in a disruptive manner. Although noise pollution is not visible and does not smell like air pollution, it still disrupts the natural balance. Some common effects of noise pollution on human beings include Hearing loss or disorder, Stress and headache, High blood pressure (hypertension or high BP), and many more.

28) Which of the following state in India is called the "Tiger state"?

Andhra Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh

Assam

Gujarat 

Answer: (b) Madhya Pradesh

Explanation: Madhya Pradesh has the highest number of tigers in the country. It is also known as the Tiger state of India. The state recorded the highest tiger count in India, which is about 526.

29) Wildlife week is celebrated from -

2nd October to 8th October

15th October to 21st October

14th June to 20th June

None of the above 

Answer: (a) 2nd October to 8th October

Explanation: Wildlife week is annually celebrated in India from 2nd October to 8th October. It is celebrated with the aim to protect flora and fauna in India.

30) Which of the following is non-luminous?

Sun

Star

Moon

All of the above 

Answer: (c) Moon

Explanation: The objects that do not emit light energy by themselves are said to be non-luminous objects. For example, Moon, spoon, etc.

31) Which of the following is the coldest planet of the solar system?

Venus

Neptune

Jupiter

Mercury 

Answer: (b) Neptune

Explanation: Neptune is the coldest planet in our solar system. Neptune is the eighth planet of our solar system, and therefore it is the farthest planet from the sun. Neptune is the fourth-largest planet in the solar system.

32) On which day the world environment day is celebrated?

5th April

15th May

5th June

25th April 

Answer: (c) 5th June

Explanation: World environment is celebrated on 5th June every year. It is celebrated to encourage awareness for the protection of the environment.

33) Which of the following country has the maximum number of tube wells in the world?

China

America

Japan

India 

Answer: (d) India

Explanation: None

34) Which of the following energy is converted into electrical energy by a battery or cell?

Mechanical energy

Solar energy

Chemical energy

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Chemical energy

Explanation: A battery stores the chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy. A battery usually consists of a group of cells and can supply the power for long durations. A cell is a single unit device that also converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

35) Which of the following is used in the thermometer to measure the body temperature?

Oxygen

Silicon

Mercury

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Mercury

Explanation: Mercury is the only metal that remains in the liquid state at room temperature. Mercury has a boiling point, so it is suitable to measure the higher temperatures. It is used in thermometers because of the high coefficient of expansion.

36) CNG stands for -

Common Natural gas

Compressed National gas

Compressed Natural gas

Certified National gas 

Answer: (c) Compressed natural gas.

Explanation: CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas. It mainly comprises methane gas, which can produce engine power after it is mixed with air and fed into an engine's combustion chamber. So, it can be used as a substitute for Diesel, Petrol and Propane/LPG. It is effective to control air pollution because it produces fewer undesirable gases in comparison to Diesel, Petrol and LPG.

37) How many chambers does a human heart have?

1

2

3

4 

Answer: (d) 4

Explanation: The human heart is divided into four chambers that are upper left, right atria, lower left and right ventricles.

38) In which of the following state of matter, the distance between the molecules is minimum?

Solid

Liquid

Gas

All of the above 

Answer: (a) Solid

Explanation: The particles in the solid have very little space between them.

39) Which of the following is the cause of tobacco addiction?

Histamine

Nicotine

Cocaine

None of the above 

Answer: (b) Nicotine

Explanation: When Nicotine is taken in small amounts, it causes pleasant feelings and distracts the user from the unpleasant feelings. This makes the user wants to use tobacco more.

40) Select the option containing some of the neighboring states of Uttar Pradesh -

Rajasthan, Haryana, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Delhi

Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi

Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Delhi, Goa

None of the above 

Answer: (b) Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi

Explanation: There are nine neighboring states of Uttar Pradesh. These states are - Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand.

41) Which of the following is not considered as a temperature scale?

Fahrenheit

Calorie

Celsius

Kelvin 

Answer: (b) Calorie

Explanation: Temperature is a measure of the hotness or coldness of an object. Temperature is measured in various scales such as Kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit.

42) Which of the following is the first national park in India?

Gir National park

Kanha National park

Jim Corbett National park

Ranthambore National park 

Answer: (c) Jim Corbett National park

Explanation: Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India, spread over 500 square kilometers. It is situated in the district of Nainital in the state of Uttarakhand, India and is also a part of Corbett Tiger Reserve. It got its name from Jim Corbett that was a hunter who later became a conservationist.

43) Which of the following is the first trophic level in the food chain?

Herbivores

Carnivores

Green Plants

All of the above 

Answer: (c) Green Plants

Explanation: The Food chain is the flow of energy from the lower trophic level to the higher trophic through a single direct route level. In a food chain, producers contain all green plants, and this is the initial stage in a food chain.

44) Animals whose primary source of food is based on plants are known as -

Carnivores

Herbivores

Omnivores

None of the above 

Answer: (b) Herbivores

Explanation: Animals whose primary source of food is based on plants are called herbivores. Examples of herbivores animals are a cow, goat, sheep, giraffe, and many more.

45) Which of the following device is used to measure the atmospheric humidity?

Photometer

Auxanometer

Hygrometer

None of the above 

Answer: (c) Hygrometer

Explanation: A hygrometer is used as a weather instrument as it is designed to measure the humidity in the air or atmosphere. Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the atmosphere. The uncomfortable sticky feeling in summers is due to the high humidity in the air.

46) Which of the following energy is stored in the earth?

Mechanical energy

Solar energy

Chemical energy

Geothermal energy 

Answer: (d) Geothermal energy

Explanation: Geothermal power energy is generated by heat and steam produced by geological activity in the Earth's crust. In most cases, this consists of pipes being placed in the ground above geologically active zones to channel steam through turbines, thus generating electricity.

47) Herpetology is the branch of zoology that is related with -

the study of mammals

the study of fishes

the study of amphibians and reptiles

None of the above 

Answer: (c) the study of amphibians and reptiles

Explanation: Herpetology is concerned with the study of amphibians and reptiles. It is a branch of zoology.

48) Which of the following is necessary for photosynthesis?

Sulphur

Phosphorus

Chlorophyll

Chloroform 

Answer: (c) Chlorophyll

Explanation: Photosynthesis is a biological process through which plants manufacture their food with light from the sun and inorganic sources. They produce glucose molecules. In turn, the plants serve as a food source for organisms incapable of producing their food.

49) In which year the "project tiger" is launched in India?

1973

1983

1993

1972 

Answer: (a) 1973

Explanation: Project tiger was launched in 1973 from Jim Corbett National park, Uttarakhand, by the Indira Gandhi Government.

50) The year declared as the "water year" by the Indian Government is -

2010

2005

2006

2007 

Answer: (d) 2007

Explanation: The year 2007 was declared as the water year by the Indian Government.