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COCOMO Model

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COCOMO Model Boehm proposed COCOMO (Constructive Cost Estimation Model) in 1981.COCOMO is one of the most generally used software estimation models in the world. COCOMO predicts the efforts and schedule of a software product based on the size of the software. The necessary steps in this model are: Get an initial estimate of the development effort from evaluation of thousands of delivered lines of source code (KDLOC). Determine a set of 15 multiplying factors from various attributes of the project. Calculate the effort estimate by multiplying the initial estimate with all the multiplying factors i.e., multiply the values in step1 and step2. The initial estimate (also called nominal estimate) is determined by an equation of the form used in the static single variable models, using KDLOC as the measure of the size. To determine the initial effort Ei in person-months the equation used is of the type is shown below Ei=a*(KDLOC)b The value of the constant a and b are depends ...
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Alpha-Beta Pruning

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Alpha-Beta Pruning   Alpha-beta pruning is a modified version of the minimax algorithm. It is an optimization technique for the minimax algorithm. As we have seen in the minimax search algorithm that the number of game states it has to examine are exponential in depth of the tree. Since we cannot eliminate the exponent, but we can cut it to half. Hence there is a technique by which without checking each node of the game tree we can compute the correct minimax decision, and this technique is called pruning. This involves two threshold parameter Alpha and beta for future expansion, so it is called alpha-beta pruning. It is also called as Alpha-Beta Algorithm. Alpha-beta pruning can be applied at any depth of a tree, and sometimes it not only prune the tree leaves but also entire sub-tree. The two-parameter can be defined as: Alpha: The best (highest-value) choice we have found so far at any point along the path of Maximizer. The initial value of alpha is -∞. Beta: The best (lowest-va...
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Trigonometry Multiple Choice Questions

Trigonometry Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is the correct value of cot 100.cot 200.cot 600.cot 700.cot 800? 1/√3 √3 -1 1  Answer: (a) 1/√3 Explanation: Here, we can apply the formula - cot A. cot B = 1 (when A + B = 900) = (cot 200 . cot 700) x (cot 100 . cot 800) x cot 600 = 1 x 1 x 1/√3 = 1/√3 So, the correct value of cot 100.cot 200.cot 600.cot 700.cot 800 = 1/√3 2) If a sin 450 = b cosec 300, what is the value of a4/b4? 63 43 23 None of the above  Answer: (b) 43 Explanation: Given a sin 450 = b cosec 300 So, a/b = cosec 300/ sin 450 a/b = 2/( 1/√2) a/b = 2√2/1 a4/b4 = (2√2/1)4 a4/b4 = 64/1 or, a4/b4 = 43 3) If tan θ + cot θ = 2, then what is the value of tan100 θ + cot100 θ? 1 3 2 None of the above  Answer: (c) 2 Explanation: Given tan θ + cot θ = 2 Put θ = 450, above equation will satisfy as, 1 + 1 = 2 So, θ = 450, = tan100 450 + cot100 450 = 1100 + 1100 = 2 4) If the value of α + β = 900, and α : β = 2 : 1, then what is the ratio of cos α to co...
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